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Fyodor Dostoyevsky, in full Fyodor Mikhaylovich Dostoyevsky, Dostoyevsky also spelled Dostoevsky, (born November 11 October 30, Old Style, 1821, Russia—died February 9 January 28, Old Style, 1881, St. Petersburg), Russian novelist and short-story writer whose psychological penetration into the darkest recesses of the human heart, together with his unsurpassed moments of illumination, had an immense influence on 20th-century.Dostoyevsky is usually regarded as one of the finest novelists who ever lived.

Literary modernism, and various schools of psychology, theology, and have been profoundly shaped by his ideas. His works are often called prophetic because he so accurately predicted how revolutionaries would behave if they came to power. In his time he was also renowned for his activity as a journalist. Major works and their characteristicsDostoyevsky is best known for his Notes from the Underground and for four long novels, Crime and Punishment, The Idiot, The Possessed (also and more accurately known as The Demons and The Devils), and The Brothers Karamazov. Each of these works is famous for its psychological profundity, and, indeed, Dostoyevsky is commonly regarded as one of the greatest psychologists in the of. He specialized in the analysis of pathological states of mind that lead to insanity, murder, and suicide and in the exploration of the emotions of humiliation, self-destruction, tyrannical domination, and murderous rage.

These major works are also renowned as great “novels of ideas” that treat timeless and timely issues in philosophy and politics. Psychology and philosophy are closely linked in Dostoyevsky’s portrayals of, who “feel ideas” in the depths of their souls. Finally, these novels broke new ground with their experiments in literary form.

Get exclusive access to content from our 1768 First Edition with your subscription.Unlike many other Russian writers of the first part of the 19th century, Dostoyevsky was not born into the landed gentry. He often stressed the difference between his own background and that of or and the effect of that difference on his work. First, Dostoyevsky was always in need of money and had to hurry his works into publication. Although he complained that writing against a deadline prevented him from achieving his full literary powers, it is equally possible that his frenzied style of lent his novels an energy that has remained part of their appeal. Second, Dostoyevsky often noted that, unlike writers from the nobility who described the family life of their own class, shaped by “beautiful forms” and stable traditions, he explored the lives of “accidental families” and of “the insulted and the humiliated.”.

Dostoyevsky’s father, a retired military surgeon, served as a doctor at the Mariinsky Hospital for the Poor in Moscow, where he treated charity cases while also conducting a private practice. Though a devoted parent, Dostoyevsky’s father was a stern, suspicious, and rigid man. By contrast, his mother, a woman from a merchant family, was kindly and indulgent.

Dostoyevsky’s lifelong attachment to religion began with the old-fashioned piety of his family, so different from the fashionable of the gentry.In 1828 Dostoyevsky’s father managed to earn the rank of a nobleman (the reforms of the Great had made such a change in status possible). He bought an estate in 1831, and so young Fyodor spent the summer months in the country. Until 1833 Dostoyevsky was educated at home, before being sent to a day school and then to a boarding school. Dostoyevsky’s mother died in 1837.

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Some 40 years after Dostoyevsky’s death it was revealed that his father, who had died suddenly in 1839, might have been murdered by his own serfs; however, this account is now regarded by many scholars as a. At the time, Dostoyevsky was a student in the Academy of Military Engineering in, a career as a military engineer having been marked out for him by his father.Dostoyevsky was evidently unsuited for such an occupation. He and his older brother Mikhail, who remained his close friend and became his collaborator in publishing journals, were entranced with literature from a young age. As a child and as a student, Dostoyevsky was drawn to and Gothic fiction, especially the works of, Nikolay Karamzin,. Not long after completing his degree (1843) and becoming a sublieutenant, Dostoyevsky resigned his commission to commence a hazardous career as a writer living off his pen.

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DostojevskiFyodor Dostoyevsky1821 - 1881Russian NovelistDostoyevsky is - besides Tolstoy - the most widely read Russian novelist. He mixed social, Gothic and sentimental elements with visionary beliefs.Born in Moscow, he became a military engineer, butturned to literature, publishing 'Poor Folk' in 1846. Joining revolutionary circles inSt Petersburg, he was condemned to death, reprieved at the last moment, and sent to hard labour in Siberia.In 1859 he returned to St Petersburg, where he wrote his masterpiece 'Crime and Punishment' which sets forth a side of human nature never before portrayed with such insight and accuracy.Two of his other great novels are 'The Brothers Karamazov' and'The Idiot'.www link.